1. Sau htu sha ai bungli
Tall sau acid a lipophilic hpung ni gaw sau phase hte htap htuk ai,
hka hpe ra sharawng ai hpung ni gaw hka daw hte matut mahkai nga ai shaloi,
hka-hta-sau (W/O) hpe hpaw shabawn ai.
Ndai gaw -hkum hkrang n-gun hpe jat ya ai,
lubricity, hte cuttings-htu shaw ai ntsin ni hpe htaw lu ai atsam.
Dai gaw yak hkak ai hkrang masa ni a matu htap htuk ai
(-katsi ai, hka n-gun ja ai, calcium-magnesium ion law ai grup yin ni zawn re ai),
hka htung hkrat sum na masa hpe shayawm ya ai,
drill bit hte hka htung lapran na shingjawng ai lam hpe shayawm ya ai,
hte drill bit a service prat hpe jat ya ai.
Tall oil acid a fatty acid hkrang gaw, sau nhprang hta wax hte colloid ni lawm ai ngang grin ai emulsification system hpe hpaw ya lu ai,
sau n-gun hpe shayawm ya ai.
Emulsifier (sh) n-gun shayawm ai hku nna,
dai hpe sau n-gun hpe grau kaja hkra galaw na matu jai lang ai.
Dai hta n-ga, n-gun n rawng ai sau emulsion a ngang grin ai lam hpe jahten kau na matu, npu na shamu shamawt lam hpe jai lang ai,
hka n-gun ni hpe hpaw nna hka lim shangun ai,
sau hte hka hpe garan ginhka ai lam hpe lawan ladan galaw ai,
hte sau nhprang hpe hka n-gun yawm shangun ai atsam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ai,
dai hpe sau nhprang shinggyin la ai hte htaw sa ai lam galaw ai matut mahkai lam ni hta law law lang lang ai.
2. Nhprang sut rai ni hpe galaw shapraw ai bungli
Dai n-gun ja ai sau acid a carboxyl hpung gaw, n-gun rawng ai nhprang wan n-ga ni a ntsa e, n-gun rawng ai nlung ion ni hte coordinate bonds ni hpe hpaw ya lu ai.
(hpyen lung seng, n law htum nlung lung seng, apatite zawn re ai ni), .
bubbles ni a majaw loi loi hte hka ntsa de hprawng hkawm lu na matu hydrophobic byin shangun ai.
Dai gaw mineral ntsa kaw hkap la ai,
minerals hte bubbles lapran na binding atsam hpe jat ya ai hku nna flotation hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai.
3. Hpun kachyi aisJak rung
Alkyd n-gun dat hpe hpaw shapraw ai:
Alkyd resin ni hpe galaw shapraw na matu ahkyak ai arung arai langai mi,
n-gun dat (ga shadawn, glycerin, pentaerythritol) hte n-gun dat (ga shadawn, phthalic anhydride) ni hte shingjawng ai.
Ndai resin ni gaw kaja ai film-forming atsam, gloss, hte nbung laru hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam ni hpe madun dan ai,
nta gap ai hta shingnip shingna, hpaga lam hta shingnip shingna, hpun shingnip ni hta grai lang ai.
Coating jat bang ai arung arai ni:
TOFA gaw hkyet mat ai lawan ai, n-gun rawng ai, n-gun rawng ai, hka hpe ninghkap lu ai atsam ni hpe jat ya ai.
Ga shadawn, latex nsam ni hta htap htuk ai TOFA hpe bang ai gaw, bunghku ni hta n-gun ja wa nna, coating film hpe n-gun ja shangun ai .
4.Rubber hpaga lam
Vulcanization galaw ai wa:
Shingra tara hte shinggyim masha ni galaw shapraw ai nhprang dat ni hpe n-gun dat dat ai hta n-gun dat dat ai lam hpe galaw ai wa hku nna,
TOFA gaw, gumra hte n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni a lapran na bai htang ai lam ni hpe n-gun jaw ya ai,
vulcanization hpe lawan ladan galaw ya ai,
vulcanizates ni a cross-link density hpe jat ya nna, n-gun rawng ai arung arai ni a hkum hkrang-hpaji masa ni hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai
(ga shadawn, ngang kang ai, n-gun ja ai, n-gun n rawng ai).
Plastic galaw ai wa:
Plasticizer langai hku nna, TOFA gaw rubber a n-gun hte n-gun hpe shayawm ya nna, n-gun n-gun hte plastic hpe jat ya ai,
n-gun rawng ai hte n-gun rawng ai hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, rubber arung arai ni hpe katsi ai hte n-gun n rawng ai hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai.
5. Plastic hpaga lam
Plastic galaw ai hte sau bang ai:
PVC hte PS zawn re ai plastic ni hta plastic galaw ai hte sau bang ai hku lang ai.
Plasticizer langai hku nna, plastic ni hta nga ai molecule lapran na n-gun ni hpe shayawm ya ai,
n-gun n-gun, n-gun n-gun, plasticity hpe jat ya ai.
Lubricant langai hku nna, plastic hte galaw shapraw ai arung arai ni a lapran na shingjawng ai lam hpe shayawm ya ai,
n-gun jai lang ai lam hpe shayawm ya ai, galaw ai lam hpe grau kaja hkra galaw ya ai,
hte plastic arung arai ni a ntsa lam hpe gram lajang ai hte demolding galaw ai atsam ni hpe jat ya ai.
6.Shani shagu na Chemical hpaga lam
Ntsa na n-gun dat ni:
Kaga tsi mawan ni hte matut mahkai ai shaloi,
TOFA gaw surfactants amyu myu hpe shapraw lu ai .
(ga shadawn, sau ntsin sau, ester, amides),
hka shin ai tsi ni, hpun palawng karum ai tsi ni, sau htu ai tsi ni, etc. ni hta law law lang ai,
emulsification, bra ayai ai, kashin ai, hte hka lim ai a matu.
7. Hpri galaw ai bungli
Sau bang ai arung arai ni: Sau bang ai arung arai ni hku nna,
TOFA gaw sau hpe n-gun jaw ya ai, oxidation hpe ninghkap lu ai, n-gun n-gun hpe n-gun jaw ya ai,
jak rung a n-gun hpe shayawm ya nna, jak rung a prat hpe galu shangun ai.
8. N-gun atsam Chemical hpaga lam
Hkrung mahkrung wan sau:
Matut nna galaw ngut ai hpang,
TOFA gaw Biodiesel galaw shapraw na matu raw material langai hku nna jai lang mai ai.
Transesterification hku nna,
n-gun dat ni hpe n-gun dat methyl (sh) ethyl ester ni de galai shai nna, n-gun dat hpe shapraw ai,
n-gun atsam hte seng ai n-gun atsam ni hpe bai gram lajang mai ai arung arai ni hpe jaw ya ai.
